Separación y clasificación de los alcaloides presentes en las hojas y flores de la especie Spilanthes urens Jacq

Abstract

The plant known as "silver button" (Spilanthes urens Jacq) is a wild species from Las Antillas: Cuba, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. In the East of Cuba is used by farmers in some places to ease dental ailments. The organ of the plant used by farmers is the flower. Some surveys made to effect also demonstrated the utility of the leaves, but do not refer to anesthetic indications. However, it argues that using flowers the effect is numbing, almost anesthetic. Qualitative characterization leaves and flowers of this species by phytochemical screening were performed. Different types of metabolites are found: triterpenoids, steroids, coumarins, reducing sugars, free amino acids, amines, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and polyuronides. Due to the versatile properties including anesthetic, an alkaloids extracting process was carried out, and yield yellow solids but in greater quantity for the flowers. After was applied Banford Systematic March to classify these alkaloids. The result gave positive for test that classifies the compound (or compounds) as indole derivatives. Thin layer chromatography for clues to the degree of purity of the product was applied. Finally the UV-visible spectroscopy to get an idea of the presence of the indole ring spectra was recorded.

Keywords: Spilanthes urens Jacq, phytochemical study, extracts, alkaloids.