Evaluación fitoquímica, y antimicrobiana del aceite esencial y los extractos de las hojas de Amyris elemifera L. (Coaba amarilla)
Abstract
Amyris elemifera L. es una planta aromática que crece en Cuba, de la cual no se han reportado estudios químicos ni farmacológicos en el país; por consiguiente, se exploró su composición química y actividad antimicrobiana. El extracto etanólico (EE) fue fraccionado sucesivamente con hexano (HF), acetato de etilo (EaF) y butanol (BF) caracterizándose fitoquímicamente. El EE, así como sus fracciones fueron evaluados conjuntamente con el aceite esencial (EO) obtenido por hidrodestilación; en su actividad antimicrobiana frente a dos bacterias, una levadura y tres parásitos a través del método de microdilución en placas. Fenoles, Alcaloides, Flavonoides, Triterpenes y esteroides, Cumarinas, Quinonas y aminas fueron los principales metabolitos detectados. EE, HF, EaF y el EO clasificaron con buena actividad antiparasitaria con valores de IC50 bajo los 20μgmL-1, mientras que BF no resultó activo. El índice de selectividad de EaF contra Lehismania Infantum clasificó como aceptable.Palabras clave: Amyris elemifera, tamizaje, aceite esencial, actividad antimicrobiana, Lehismania infantum.
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